Late on October 29, Russian forces carried out ballistic missile strikes on Kyiv’s Darnytskyi and Dniprovskyi districts, reportedly using RM-48U missiles fired from S-400 air defense systems. The attack caused fires and damage at warehouses and other military infrastructure facilities.

The RM-48U is a modified version of the 48N6 family of interceptors, originally developed for the S-300PM and later integrated into the S-400. Ukrainian investigators assess that it is less accurate and carries a less powerful warhead than the far more expensive missiles of the Iskander-M system.

Since mid-2026, S-400s have increasingly been used for ballistic strikes: limited Ukrainian air capabilities have allowed the systems to be retargeted in support of offensive operations. The RM-48U retains extremely high speed even on a ballistic trajectory. Its high kinetic energy, combined with a high-explosive fragmentation warhead, makes it capable of inflicting serious damage on large industrial facilities — even though it was not originally designed as a precision-strike weapon.

According to Ukrainian sources, Russia has more than doubled its production rate of RM-48Us: output is expected to reach about 500 missiles in 2026, up from just 200 in 2025. Each carries a 180-kilogram high-explosive fragmentation warhead. At the same time, air defense tactics have shifted noticeably: new over-the-horizon engagement methods and the deployment of S-400 launchers in concealed forward “ambush” positions have made it possible to inflict extreme losses on Ukraine’s fighter fleet.
 
[Source](https://militarywatchmagazine.com/article/russian-s400-ballistic-missile-strike-bombard-ukraine)

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