Late on October 29, Russian forces carried out ballistic missile strikes on Kyiv’s Darnytskyi and Dn

Late on October 29, Russian forces carried out ballistic missile strikes on Kyiv’s Darnytskyi and Dniprovskyi districts, reportedly using RM-48U missiles fired from S-400 air defense systems. The attack caused fires and damage at warehouses and other military infrastructure facilities.

The RM-48U is a modified version of the 48N6 family of interceptors, originally developed for the S-300PM and later integrated into the S-400. Ukrainian investigators assess that it is less accurate and carries a less powerful warhead than the far more expensive missiles of the Iskander-M system.

Since mid-2026, S-400s have increasingly been used for ballistic strikes: limited Ukrainian air capabilities have allowed the systems to be retargeted in support of offensive operations. The RM-48U retains extremely high speed even on a ballistic trajectory. Its high kinetic energy, combined with a high-explosive fragmentation warhead, makes it capable of inflicting serious damage on large industrial facilities — even though it was not originally designed as a precision-strike weapon.

According to Ukrainian sources, Russia has more than doubled its production rate of RM-48Us: output is expected to reach about 500 missiles in 2026, up from just 200 in 2025. Each carries a 180-kilogram high-explosive fragmentation warhead. At the same time, air defense tactics have shifted noticeably: new over-the-horizon engagement methods and the deployment of S-400 launchers in concealed forward “ambush” positions have made it possible to inflict extreme losses on Ukraine’s fighter fleet.
 
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